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Dyslipidemia and diabetes: animal models
1Laboratoire de Radiologie Digestive, DPHD-SARAM, Fontenay aux Roses, France.
Diabete & Metabolisme
|April 1, 1995
Summary
Animal models for diabetes dyslipidemia vary, with some showing oxidized lipoproteins and others developing cardiovascular issues. Research highlights differences in models for insulin-dependent and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Metabolic Research
- Cardiovascular Science
Background:
- Diabetes dyslipidemia is a complex condition with various animal models available for study.
- Chemically-induced diabetes models (e.g., streptozotocin-induced) are used for insulin-dependent diabetes, showing hypercholesterolemia due to increased cholesterol absorption and synthesis.
- Models for non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) include genetically modified or diet-induced obese animals like Zucker rats, JCR:LA cp rats, and sand rats.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review and compare existing animal models for studying diabetes dyslipidemia.
- To highlight the characteristics of different models in relation to insulin-dependent and non-insulin-dependent diabetes.
- To discuss the utility of these models in understanding disease mechanisms and testing potential treatments.
Main Methods:
- Review of literature on animal models of diabetes dyslipidemia.
- Analysis of key metabolic and cardiovascular parameters in different models.
- Comparison of responses to dietary, hormonal, and drug interventions.
Main Results:
- Streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats exhibit hypercholesterolemia with oxidized, cytotoxic lipoproteins, preventable by insulin or antioxidants.
- Diabetic rabbits on high-cholesterol diets resist atherosclerosis due to VLDL characteristics.
- Obese Zucker rats and JCR:LA cp rats model NIDDM and hyperlipidemia, with JCR:LA cp rats showing cardiovascular lesions responsive to insulin resistance treatments.
- Sand rats (Psammomys obesus) develop NIDDM and cardiovascular lesions when fed specific diets, offering a new model for atherosclerosis-related diabetes.
Conclusions:
- Diverse animal models exist for diabetes dyslipidemia, each with unique strengths for studying specific aspects of the disease.
- Understanding model-specific pathophysiology is crucial for interpreting research findings and developing targeted therapies.
- Models like sand rats offer novel avenues for investigating the interplay between diabetes and atherosclerosis.