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Related Concept Videos

RNA Splicing01:32

RNA Splicing

Splicing is the process by which eukaryotic RNA is edited before its translation into protein. The RNA strand transcribed from eukaryotic DNA is called the primary transcript. The primary transcripts that become mRNAs are called precursor messenger RNAs (pre-mRNAs). Eukaryotic pre-mRNA contains alternating sequences of exons and introns. Exons are nucleotide sequences that code for proteins, whereas introns are the non-coding regions. In RNA splicing, introns are removed and exons are bonded...
Transcription Elongation Factors02:35

Transcription Elongation Factors

Transcription elongation is a dynamic process that alters depending upon the sequence heterogeneity of the DNA being transcribed. Hence, it is not surprising that the elongation complex's composition also varies along the way while transcribing a gene.
The transcription elongation is regulated via pausing of RNA polymerase on several occasions during transcription. In bacteria, these halts are necessary because the transcription of DNA into mRNA is coupled to the translation of that mRNA into a...
RNA Splicing01:32

RNA Splicing

Splicing is the process by which eukaryotic RNA is edited before its translation into protein. The RNA strand transcribed from eukaryotic DNA is called the primary transcript. The primary transcripts that become mRNAs are called precursor messenger RNAs (pre-mRNAs). Eukaryotic pre-mRNA contains alternating sequences of exons and introns. Exons are nucleotide sequences that code for proteins, whereas introns are the non-coding regions. In RNA splicing, introns are removed and exons are bonded...
Alternative RNA Splicing02:18

Alternative RNA Splicing

Alternative RNA splicing is the regulated splicing of exons and introns to produce different mature mRNAs from a single pre-mRNA. Unlike in constitutive splicing where a single gene produces a single type of mRNA, alternative splicing allows an organism to produce multiple proteins from a single gene and plays an important role in protein diversity.
There are five types of alternative RNA splicing that vary in the ways the pre-mRNA segments are removed or retained in the mature mRNA. The first...
Transcription Elongation Factors02:35

Transcription Elongation Factors

Transcription elongation is a dynamic process that alters depending upon the sequence heterogeneity of the DNA being transcribed. Hence, it is not surprising that the elongation complex's composition also varies along the way while transcribing a gene.
The transcription elongation is regulated via pausing of RNA polymerase on several occasions during transcription. In bacteria, these halts are necessary because the transcription of DNA into mRNA is coupled to the translation of that mRNA into a...
Alternative RNA Splicing02:18

Alternative RNA Splicing

Alternative RNA splicing is the regulated splicing of exons and introns to produce different mature mRNAs from a single pre-mRNA. Unlike in constitutive splicing where a single gene produces a single type of mRNA, alternative splicing allows an organism to produce multiple proteins from a single gene and plays an important role in protein diversity.
There are five types of alternative RNA splicing that vary in the ways the pre-mRNA segments are removed or retained in the mature mRNA. The first...

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Exploring Sequence Space to Identify Binding Sites for Regulatory RNA-Binding Proteins
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Enhancer-dependent interaction between 5' and 3' splice sites in trans

J P Bruzik1, T Maniatis

  • 1Case Western Reserve University, Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|July 18, 1995
PubMed
Summary

Splicing enhancers facilitate RNA trans-splicing by assembling stable protein complexes. These complexes interact with separate RNA molecules, a process crucial for alternative splicing and splice-site selection.

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • RNA Biology
  • Gene Expression

Background:

  • Splicing enhancers regulate splice-site selection and alternative splicing of nuclear pre-mRNAs.
  • Enhancers promote the activity of upstream splice sites in cis-splicing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of splicing enhancers in facilitating RNA trans-splicing.
  • To elucidate the mechanism by which enhancers mediate interactions between separate RNA molecules.

Main Methods:

  • Demonstration of in trans splicing between RNA molecules containing 3' splice sites and enhancer sequences with 5' splice sites or spliced leader RNAs.
  • Analysis of the role of (Ser + Arg)-rich splicing factors in stimulating this trans-splicing reaction.

Main Results:

  • RNA molecules with 3' splice sites and enhancers efficiently undergo trans-splicing with separate RNA molecules containing 5' splice sites.
  • The reaction is stimulated by (Ser + Arg)-rich splicing factors, suggesting protein complex formation.
  • Splicing enhancers assemble stable protein complexes on 3' splice site-containing RNAs, enabling interaction with 5' splice sites on separate RNAs.

Conclusions:

  • Splicing enhancers facilitate the assembly of stable protein complexes that can mediate RNA trans-splicing.
  • Interactions between (Ser + Arg)-rich splicing factors and general splicing factors are key to this trans-splicing mechanism.
  • These interactions are likely critical for alternative splicing and splice-site selection in cis-splicing.