Diagnosis and treatment of acute myocardial infarction

Rapid diagnosis and treatment of myocardial infarction are essential for maximizing patient survival. Recent advances in early detection of creatine kinase myocardial band isoforms and other chemical markers, as well as increased use of echocardiography, magnetic resonance imaging, and nuclear imaging, have enhanced the diagnostic capabilities for providers caring for a patient suspected of myocardial infarction. In management of myocardial infarction, the focus continues to be primarily on using thrombolytics, percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty, and coronary bypass surgery. In addition, an array of pharmacologic agents aimed at reducing cardiac muscle damage, alleviating reperfusion injuries, and preventing thrombus formation are undergoing clinical trials. These agents may hold promise for the future treatment of myocardial infarction.