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Cytoplasmic cellular structures control permeability of outer mitochondrial membrane for ADP and oxidative

E M Fontaine1, C Keriel, S Lantuejoul

  • 1Laboratoire de Bioénergétique, Université Joseph Fourier, Grenoble, France.

Insights

Mitochondrial respiration regulation by external ADP is controlled by trypsin-sensitive factors in hepatocytes. Trypsin treatment enhances ADP diffusion, suggesting outer mitochondrial membrane porins are key control sites.

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Cellular Respiration
  • Mitochondrial Biology

Background:

  • Mitochondrial respiration is crucial for cellular energy production.
  • Regulation of respiration by external ADP is complex and not fully understood.
  • Previous work indicated limited outer mitochondrial membrane permeability in isolated hepatocytes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the kinetics of mitochondrial respiration regulation by external ADP in permeabilized hepatocytes.
  • To identify factors affecting ADP diffusion and its impact on respiration control.
  • To determine the specific site of ADP regulation in liver cells in vivo.

Main Methods:

  • Studied respiration kinetics in digitonin-permeabilized hepatocytes.
  • Applied trypsin treatment to permeabilized hepatocytes and liver homogenates.
  • Measured the apparent Km for ADP in regulating respiration.

Main Results:

  • Trypsin treatment significantly decreased the apparent Km for ADP in permeabilized hepatocytes (from 275 +/- 35 microM to 48 +/- 8 microM).
  • Similar decreases in Km for ADP were observed in liver tissue homogenates after trypsin treatment.
  • These findings suggest a cytoplasmic trypsin-sensitive factor(s) retards ADP diffusion.

Conclusions:

  • Cytoplasmic factors sensitive to trypsin likely impede ADP diffusion to mitochondria.
  • The outer mitochondrial membrane, specifically porin channels, acts as a critical control site for respiration in liver cells in vivo.
  • Understanding these regulatory mechanisms is vital for comprehending cellular energy metabolism.

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