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Hypereosinophilic syndrome

K M Leiferman1

  • 1Department of Dermatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.

Seminars in Dermatology
|June 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary

Hypereosinophilic syndrome is a serious condition with eosinophil buildup in organs. Early diagnosis and controlling eosinophilia are key to managing this multisystem disorder and improving patient outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Immunology
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES) is a multisystem disorder.
  • Characterized by peripheral blood eosinophilia and eosinophil infiltration of vital organs.
  • Associated with significant cardiac, neurological, and cutaneous involvement, carrying a high fatality rate if untreated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To define the diagnostic criteria for hypereosinophilic syndrome.
  • To highlight the clinical manifestations and prognostic indicators.
  • To emphasize the rationale for treatment focused on eosinophil control.

Main Methods:

  • Diagnosis relies on sustained peripheral blood eosinophilia (>1,500/microL for ≥6 months).
  • Exclusion of parasitic, allergic, and other known causes of eosinophilia is critical.
  • Assessment for signs and symptoms indicative of multiple organ involvement.

Main Results:

  • Cutaneous manifestations, including angioedema, are common.
  • Angioedema presence is associated with a favorable prognosis.
  • Eosinophils are implicated as key mediators of disease pathogenesis.

Conclusions:

  • Hypereosinophilic syndrome requires strict diagnostic criteria for accurate identification.
  • Multisystem involvement necessitates comprehensive patient evaluation.
  • Therapeutic strategies should prioritize the reduction of peripheral blood eosinophilia to mitigate organ damage and improve survival.

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