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Related Experiment Videos

Elongated styloid process and Eagle's syndrome

L Montalbetti1, D Ferrandi, P Pergami

  • 1Fondazione Istituto Neurologico, C. Mondino, Pavia, Italy.

Cephalalgia : an International Journal of Headache
|April 1, 1995
PubMed
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Eagle's syndrome, characterized by throat pain or head/neck pain from an elongated styloid process, requires precise diagnosis. This review clarifies its distinct presentations and therapeutic considerations for accurate classification.

Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology
  • Neurology
  • Anatomy

Background:

  • Eagle's syndrome is a debated clinical entity.
  • It involves the maxillo-vertebro-pharyngeal region.
  • Two distinct conditions are often conflated under this diagnosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the causative, diagnostic, and therapeutic aspects of Eagle's syndrome.
  • To differentiate the primary form from conditions associated with an elongated styloid process.
  • To advocate for its inclusion in headache classifications.

Main Methods:

  • Anatomical description of the relevant head and neck region.
  • Review of clinical presentations, including dysphagia, pharyngeal pain, and neurovascular compression.
  • Analysis of diagnostic criteria and therapeutic outcomes, particularly styloidectomy.

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Main Results:

  • One presentation involves dysphagia and unilateral ear-radiating pharyngeal pain.
  • A second presentation includes head/neck pain due to styloid process compression of neurovascular structures, cranial neuralgias, and carotidynia.
  • The authors propose a stricter definition for Eagle's syndrome.

Conclusions:

  • The term "Eagle's syndrome" should be reserved for specific pharyngeal pain presentations and atypical head/neck pain relieved by styloidectomy.
  • Elongated styloid process is a key factor in certain painful head and neck conditions.
  • Eagle's syndrome warrants consideration within the International Headache Classification.