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Age-related changes in the human mandibular condyle: a morphologic, radiologic, and histologic study

H Ishibashi1, Y Takenoshita, K Ishibashi

  • 1Second Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.

Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery : Official Journal of the American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
|September 1, 1995
PubMed
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Aging leads to degenerative changes in the human mandibular condyle, particularly with reduced dental occlusal contacts. Histological findings indicate decreased cellular components contribute to these age-related osteoarthrotic changes.

Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
  • Orthodontics

Background:

  • Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease affecting synovial joints.
  • The temporomandibular joint (TMJ), specifically the mandibular condyle, is susceptible to degenerative changes.
  • Aging and occlusal factors are implicated in the pathogenesis of mandibular condyle osteoarthritis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate osteoarthrotic alterations in the human mandibular condyle.
  • To correlate these changes with the aging process.
  • To examine the relationship between condyle degeneration and the loss of dental occlusal contacts.

Main Methods:

  • Morphological, radiological, and histological examination of 34 human mandibular condyles obtained post-mortem.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Analysis of degenerative changes in relation to age and occlusal contact areas.

    • Main Results:

    • Advancing age correlated with severe morphological degenerative changes in the mandibular condyle's articular surface.
    • Condyles exhibiting degenerative changes were more frequently associated with mandibles having minimal occlusal contact areas.
    • Radiographic findings revealed cortical bone plate irregularity in the fifth and sixth decades, transitioning to polygonal or flattened structures after the seventh decade.

    Conclusions:

    • Histological evidence suggests a decline in cellular components with age is a critical factor in the development of degenerative changes.
    • These findings highlight the role of aging and occlusal status in mandibular condyle osteoarthritis.