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ATL cells recognize self class II HLA antigens: implication to leukemogenesis
M Matsuoka1, T Hattori, Y Nishimura
1Second Department of Internal Medicine, Kumamoto University School of Medicine, Japan.
Leukemia
|August 1, 1995
Summary
Adult T cell leukemia (ATL) cells may be driven by self-antigen stimulation. This study investigated if ATL cells respond to self-antigens, suggesting a role for T cell receptor (TCR)/CD3 complex signaling in leukemogenesis.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Oncology
- Cell Biology
Background:
- Adult T cell leukemia (ATL) cells exhibit reduced T cell receptor (TCR)/CD3 complex expression in vivo.
- Antigenic stimulation is known to modulate TCR/CD3 complex expression on T lymphocytes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the hypothesis that antigenic stimulation down-regulates the antigen receptor of ATL cells, potentially contributing to leukemogenesis.
- To determine if fresh ATL cells respond to autologous and allogeneic lymphoid cell lines.
Main Methods:
- Culturing fresh ATL cells from three patients with autologous and allogeneic lymphoid cell lines.
- Utilizing monoclonal antibodies (anti-CD3, anti-HLA-DQ, anti-HLA-DR) to inhibit proliferation and identify specific antigen recognition.
Main Results:
- ATL cells from two out of three cases proliferated in response to autologous cell lines.
- In one case, proliferation was inhibited by anti-CD3 and anti-HLA-DQ antibodies, indicating recognition of self-HLA-DQ.
- In another case, proliferation was suppressed by anti-CD3 and HLA-DR antibodies.
Conclusions:
- ATL cells in some cases originate from autoreactive T lymphocytes.
- TCR/CD3 complex stimulation by self-antigens likely plays a significant role in the in vivo leukemogenesis of ATL.