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[Swimming-induced asthma]

L Fjellbirkeland1, A Gulsvik, A Walløe

  • 1Lungeavdelingen Haukeland Sykehus, Bergen.

Tidsskrift for Den Norske Laegeforening : Tidsskrift for Praktisk Medicin, Ny Raekke
|June 30, 1995
PubMed
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Swimming can trigger exercise-induced asthma (EIA) in susceptible athletes, contrary to its reputation for low asthmogeneity. Chlorine exposure in warm indoor pools appears to be a key irritant, impacting athletic performance.

Area of Science:

  • Sports Medicine
  • Environmental Health
  • Pulmonology

Background:

  • Swimming is generally considered to have low asthmogeneity compared to other exercises.
  • However, recent observations suggest a potential link between swimming and exercise-induced asthma (EIA).

Observation:

  • Four young athletes developed exercise-induced asthma (EIA) symptoms during heavy swimming exercise.
  • Symptoms were exacerbated in warm, chlorine-heavy indoor pool environments.
  • Reduced symptoms were noted in outdoor pools and during other physical activities like running.

Findings:

  • Three athletes developed EIA after years of training without prior asthma history.
  • One athlete with childhood asthma experienced exacerbated EIA symptoms due to swimming.

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  • Respiratory symptoms significantly hampered swimming performance in all four athletes.

    • Implications:

    • Volatile compounds from pool chlorination are suspected as irritants provoking asthma in susceptible swimmers.
    • Asthma management in swimmers may require environmental modifications and targeted pharmacological interventions.
    • Further research is needed to identify specific irritants and develop preventative strategies for swimming-induced asthma.