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Oxygen diving-induced middle ear under-aeration

A Shupak1, J Attias, J Aviv

  • 1Israel Naval Medical Institute, IDF, Medical Corps, Haifa.

Acta Oto-Laryngologica
|May 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Oxygen diving can cause middle ear negative pressure and effusions. This study suggests a reversible derangement in a middle ear chemoreceptor reflex arch, not barotrauma, is the likely cause.

Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology
  • Diving Medicine
  • Physiology

Background:

  • Middle ear negative pressure and effusions are reported after oxygen diving.
  • The exact cause and prevalence of this phenomenon remain unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the prevalence, dynamics, and pathophysiology of middle ear negative pressure and effusions following oxygen diving.

Main Methods:

  • Thirty-four oxygen divers underwent otoscopic and tympanometric evaluations before and after a 3-hour dive.
  • Evaluations were repeated 7 hours after the dive upon waking.

Main Results:

  • Most divers showed positive otoscopic findings the morning after the dive, resolving within 4 hours of rising.
  • Significant decreases in middle ear compliance and increases in tympanic compliance < 0.3 ml were observed.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Post-dive tympanograms revealed 14.7% type C and 27.9% type B findings.

    • Conclusions:

    • Oxygen-induced middle ear under-aeration is generalized.
    • Middle ear barotrauma, oxygen absorption, or toxicity are unlikely causes.
    • A reversible derangement in a middle ear chemoreceptor reflex arch may explain the observed phenomenon.