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Related Experiment Videos

Self-efficacy expectations among traumatized adolescents

P A Saigh1, M Mroueh, B J Zimmerman

  • 1City University of New York Graduate Center, NY 10036, USA.

Behaviour Research and Therapy
|July 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary

Adolescents diagnosed with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) exhibit significantly lower self-efficacy. This contrasts with traumatized individuals without PTSD and controls, suggesting PTSD impacts perceived self-efficacy.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Trauma Studies
  • Adolescent Mental Health

Background:

  • Self-efficacy, a core concept in Bandura's social cognitive theory, refers to an individual's belief in their capacity to execute behaviors necessary to produce specific performance attainments.
  • Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a mental health condition triggered by experiencing or witnessing a terrifying event.
  • Adolescence is a critical developmental period where self-efficacy significantly influences mental health outcomes and coping mechanisms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and perceived self-efficacy in adolescents.
  • To compare self-efficacy levels across three distinct adolescent groups: those with PTSD, those exposed to trauma without PTSD, and non-traumatized controls.
  • To determine if trauma exposure alone, without a PTSD diagnosis, affects self-efficacy.

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Main Methods:

  • Utilized Bandura's Multidimensional Scales of Perceived Self-Efficacy (MSPSE) for assessment.
  • Administered the MSPSE to three matched groups of adolescents: PTSD diagnosis, traumatized PTSD negatives, and non-traumatized controls.
  • Employed comparative statistical analysis to examine differences in self-efficacy scores among the groups.

Main Results:

  • Adolescents diagnosed with PTSD demonstrated significantly lower self-efficacy ratings across eight of the nine MSPSE subtests compared to controls.
  • No significant differences in MSPSE subtest scores were found between the traumatized PTSD-negative group and the non-traumatized control group.
  • These findings indicate a specific deficit in perceived self-efficacy associated with a PTSD diagnosis in adolescents.

Conclusions:

  • A PTSD diagnosis in adolescents is strongly associated with diminished perceived self-efficacy.
  • Trauma exposure alone, without the development of PTSD, does not appear to significantly impact adolescent self-efficacy.
  • Interventions aimed at enhancing self-efficacy may be beneficial for adolescents with PTSD.