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Effect of preincision versus postincision infiltration with bupivacaine on postoperative pain
R A Victory1, N M Gajraj, A Van Elstraete
1Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Management, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas 75235-9068, USA.
Study Objective:
To compare the efficacy of preincision wound infiltration with bupivacaine to wound infiltration at the end of the operation.
Design:
A prospective, randomized, double-blind study.
Setting:
University medical center.
Patients:
56 ASA status I and II women scheduled for abdominal hysterectomy were randomly assigned to one of three treatment groups.
Interventions:
Group 1 (control) received no local anesthetic infiltration. Group 2 received subcutaneous infiltration with 40 ml of bupivacaine 0.5% (pH 6.9) 15 minutes prior to incision. Group 3 received wound infiltration with a similar solution at the end of surgery. Anesthesia was induced with thiopental 3.0 mg/kg i.v., droperidol 50 micrograms/kg i.v., and sufentanil 0.5 microgram/kg i.v. and maintained with nitrous oxide 67% in oxygen and sufentanil 0.1 microgram/kg IV boluses as required. Postoperative pain was treated with morphine via a patient-controlled analgesia delivery system for 24 hours, followed by oral hydrocodone for 3 days.
Measurements And Main Results:
The opioid consumption was recorded for 4 days postoperatively. Pain scores were measured at 4 to 8-hour intervals using 100 mm visual analog scales. There was no difference in either the opioid analgesic requirements or the pain scores between the three study groups.
Conclusions:
Wound infiltration, either preincision or postincision, had no clinically significant effect on the pain scores or analgesic requirements following abdominal hysterectomy.