Edwards inventory of emotions: assessing emotions in athletes and nonathletes

A self-report inventory was created on which respondents indicated the frequency of occurrence of 40 basic emotions using a 5-point rating scale. The inventory was administered to two matched, independent college-age samples (ns = 562 and 414) and the factorial validity was tested. Factor 1 was a general factor reflecting over-all Positive Affect. Factor 2 was a more specific factor reflecting Profound Negative Affect. Factor 3 was also a specific factor reflecting Moderate Negative Affect. Subsequent analyses gave significantly greater scores for athletes over nonathletes and men over women on the Profound Negative Affect subscale. Women had significantly higher Positive Affect scores. It was concluded that the questionnaire had sufficient technical merit for use in research.