Segmented approach to simultaneous intrusion and space closure: biomechanics of the three-piece base arch appliance

Deep overbite correction and space closure in patients with flared incisors are mechanically difficult to achieve with conventional orthodontic treatment. The purpose of this article is to present an appliance design that allows simultaneous intrusion and retraction of anterior teeth as well as correction of their axial inclinations. A three-piece base arch was used to achieve simultaneous intrusion and space closure. Various clinical situations are discussed and analyzed from a biomechanical standpoint. Sequences of treatment, appliance design, and management of side effects are described in detail. The segmented approach to simultaneous intrusion and space closure is useful for achieving precise control of tooth movements in the anteroposterior and vertical dimensions.