Related Experiment Videos
Neonatal tetanus: prevalence before and subsequent to implementation of the Expanded Programme on Immunization
O E Antia-Obong1, M U Young, C E Effiong
1Department of Paediatrics, College of Medical Sciences, University of Calabar, Nigeria.
Annals of Tropical Paediatrics
|January 1, 1993
Summary
Neonatal tetanus (NNT) prevalence increased despite high awareness during Nigeria's Expanded Programme on Immunization (EPI). Poor acceptance suggests ineffective strategies, highlighting the need for targeted health education.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Pediatrics
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Neonatal tetanus (NNT) remains a significant public health concern, particularly in regions with suboptimal immunization coverage.
- The Expanded Programme on Immunization (EPI) was implemented to combat vaccine-preventable diseases, including NNT.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the impact of the EPI on neonatal tetanus incidence in Calabar, Nigeria.
- To assess maternal awareness and acceptance of tetanus toxoid immunization during the EPI era.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective study of NNT cases admitted to the University of Calabar Teaching Hospital.
- Analysis of NNT prevalence rates during pre-EPI and EPI periods (1983-1990).
- Assessment of maternal awareness and acceptance of NNT immunization.
Main Results:
- NNT prevalence increased from 16% in the pre-EPI period to 24% during the EPI period.
- Maternal awareness of NNT immunization was high, but acceptance rates were notably poor.
- The study indicated ineffectiveness in the implementation strategies of the immunization program.
Conclusions:
- Current strategies for NNT prevention through the EPI in Nigeria appear ineffective.
- Intensive health education targeting mothers and traditional birth attendants is crucial to overcome barriers to tetanus toxoid acceptance.
- Culturally sensitive communication strategies are needed to improve understanding and increase immunization coverage for NNT.