Cytogenotoxicity of N-acetyl-S-(1/2-phenyl-2-hydroxyethyl)-cysteine (NAPEC) in cultured human blood lymphocytes

N-Acetyl-S-(1/2-phenyl-2-hydroxyethyl)-cysteine (NAPEC) is a cysteine conjugate derived from the glutathione conjugate of styrene oxide. The dose- and time-dependent effects of NAPEC on SCEs and cell kinetics were studied in cultured human blood lymphocyte in vitro. Different concentrations of NAPEC (0-1500 microM) were added into the lymphocyte cultures. After 36 h of exposure, both the induction of SCEs and cell-cycle delay were increased with increasing concentrations of NAPEC. When the lymphocyte cultures were exposed to 1000 microM NAPEC for 22, 36 and 72 h during a total of 72-h culture period, no significant differences in the induction of SCEs or cell-cycle delay were noticed due to 3 exposure times. These results suggest that NAPEC possesses the potential to induce SCEs and to inhibit cell-cycle progression and such potential seems to be independent of duration of exposure to NAPEC.