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Hematuria associated with hypercalciuria and hyperuricosuria: a practical approach
1Department of Pediatrics, State University of New York at Buffalo, New York.
Pediatric Nephrology (Berlin, Germany)
|December 1, 1994
Summary
Painless hematuria in children can be caused by excess calcium (hypercalciuria) or uric acid (hyperuricosuria) in urine. This review examines the history, clinical features, and diagnostic criteria for these conditions.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Nephrology
- Urology
- Clinical Biochemistry
Background:
- Hematuria is a common urinary finding in pediatric patients.
- Hypercalciuria and hyperuricosuria have been implicated as causes of painless hematuria in children.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the historical context and clinical characteristics of hematuria associated with hypercalciuria and hyperuricosuria in children.
- To outline diagnostic criteria for excessive urinary calcium and uric acid excretion.
- To highlight age-related differences in excretion patterns.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies on pediatric hematuria, hypercalciuria, and hyperuricosuria.
- Analysis of clinical syndromes and diagnostic criteria.
- Comparison of urinary excretion patterns between infants and older children.
Main Results:
- Hypercalciuria and hyperuricosuria are recognized causes of hematuria in pediatric populations.
- Specific diagnostic criteria for elevated urinary calcium and uric acid levels are presented.
- Age-dependent variations in urinary calcium and uric acid excretion exist.
Conclusions:
- Hypercalciuria and hyperuricosuria are significant, though not always symptomatic, causes of pediatric hematuria.
- Long-term consequences, apart from urolithiasis, are limited, with ongoing discussion regarding bone health impacts of chronic hypercalciuria.