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The two-boned fifth toe: clinical implications

F M Thompson1, V K Chang

  • 1St. Luke's-Roosevelt Hospital Center, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York 10019, USA.

Foot & Ankle International
|January 1, 1995
PubMed
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A two-boned fifth toe, found in 60% of surgical patients, is linked to increased foot pathology. This skeletal variation may predispose the toe to conditions like hammertoes and corns.

Area of Science:

  • Podiatric surgery
  • Orthopedic research
  • Human anatomy

Background:

  • Skeletal variations in the foot can influence biomechanics.
  • The fifth toe's anatomy may predispose it to certain pathologies.
  • Previous research suggests a link between toe structure and conditions requiring surgery.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between skeletal variation of the fifth toe and the incidence of pathological conditions.
  • To determine if a two-boned fifth toe structure increases the likelihood of requiring surgical intervention.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of eighty operations on the fifth toe in 59 patients.
  • Comparison of the prevalence of a two-boned fifth toe in the operated group versus a prospective control group.

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  • Statistical analysis to assess the significance of observed differences (P < .05).

    • Main Results:

    • A two-boned fifth toe was present in 60% of patients who underwent fifth toe surgery.
    • The prevalence of a two-boned fifth toe in the surgical group was statistically higher than in the control group (45%).
    • This finding supports a correlation between the two-boned fifth toe and surgical foot conditions.

    Conclusions:

    • The stiffer, two-boned fifth toe structure is associated with an increased predisposition to pathological conditions.
    • Conditions such as hammertoes, interdigital corns, dorsal corns, and clawtoes are more frequently observed in individuals with this skeletal variation.
    • Understanding this anatomical predisposition can inform surgical decision-making and patient counseling.