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Updated: Aug 11, 2026

Femoral Arterial and Venous Catheterization for Blood Sampling, Drug Administration and Conscious Blood Pressure and Heart Rate Measurements
Published on: January 24, 2012
Variable tissue reactions and endocrine responses to a jugular catheter
C P Phelps1, L T Chen, J Oliver
1Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa 33612.
Silicone catheters can cause adverse reactions. This study in rats shows a subset develops inflammatory blockages linked to higher corticosterone (CORT) levels, suggesting a useful model for human prosthesis research.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Immunology
- Veterinary Medicine
Background:
- Soft catheter materials enable long-term venous access but can elicit adverse reactions.
- Understanding tissue responses to implanted medical devices is crucial for improving patient outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the tissue responses and hormonal correlations associated with silicone catheter implantation in rats.
- To characterize the inflammatory phenomena leading to catheter obstruction.
Main Methods:
- Implantation of silicone catheters in the jugular vein of 52 male rats for 30 days.
- Regular blood withdrawal for plasma corticosterone (CORT) and prolactin (PRL) assays.
- Histological examination of catheter tips and surrounding tissue to identify inflammatory responses and blockage composition.
Main Results:
- Catheter obstruction was caused by white masses (wm) composed of platelets, granulocytes, neutrophils, and red blood cells.
- Rats with early catheter blockage (7-10 days) exhibited higher plasma CORT levels (3-5 days post-implant) compared to those with patent catheters.
- A local intravascular inflammatory reaction was observed in a subset of rats.
Conclusions:
- Silicone catheter implantation can induce a specific inflammatory response in a subset of rats, characterized by catheter blockage.
- Elevated corticosterone levels correlate with early catheter obstruction.
- This rat model may be valuable for studying human reactivity to silicone-based prostheses.
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