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Tetanus immunization and prenatal care in developing countries

P Buekens1, A Tsui, M Kotelchuck

  • 1Free University of Brussels, School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, Belgium.

International Journal of Gynaecology and Obstetrics: the Official Organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics
|January 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary
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Many pregnant women in developing countries miss tetanus immunizations during prenatal care. This study highlights missed opportunities to improve maternal and child health through vaccination during antenatal visits.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Maternal Health

Background:

  • Tetanus immunization is crucial for preventing neonatal tetanus, a significant cause of infant mortality in developing nations.
  • Prenatal care provides a critical opportunity to administer essential vaccines to pregnant women.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To estimate the proportion of women receiving tetanus immunization during antenatal care in developing countries.
  • To identify disparities in tetanus immunization coverage among women attending prenatal care globally.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized 1986-1992 Demographic and Health Surveys data from 38 countries.
  • Calculated the tetanus immunization to prenatal care (TP) ratio, comparing immunized women to those receiving antenatal care.

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Main Results:

  • Mean TP ratios varied significantly by region: 86% in Africa, 79% in Asia, and 60% in Latin America and the Caribbean.
  • 15 countries reported TP ratios below 75%, with four countries below 50%.

Conclusions:

  • A substantial number of pregnant women are not immunized against tetanus despite attending prenatal care.
  • Prenatal services represent a missed opportunity for widespread tetanus immunization, underscoring the need for improved vaccine delivery strategies.