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T lymphocyte subsets in primary antiphospholipid syndrome

T Papo¹, J C Piette, E Legac

¹Department of Internal Medicine, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France.

The Journal of Rheumatology

|December 1, 1994

Summary

Primary antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) alters blood T cell phenotypes, showing differences in naive and memory CD4 cell proportions compared to healthy individuals. These findings suggest broader immune system involvement in APS beyond autoantibodies.

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Area of Science:

Immunology
Hematology

Background:

Primary antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is an autoimmune disorder.
Immune cell subset analysis is crucial for understanding APS pathogenesis.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate T cell, natural killer (NK) cell, and B cell subsets in primary APS.
To compare immune cell phenotypes between primary APS patients and healthy controls.

Main Methods:

Flow cytometry was used to analyze blood lymphocyte counts and proportions of various T cell (CD3+, CD4+, CD8+), B cell (CD19+), and NK cell (CD16+CD56+) subsets.
Specific subsets analyzed included naive, memory, and activated T cells, as well as CD5 B cells.

Main Results:

Patients with primary APS exhibited a lower total lymphocyte count compared to healthy subjects.

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An expansion of naive CD4+ T cells and a reduction in memory CD4+ T cells were observed in the primary APS group.

The ratio of naive to memory CD4+ T cells was significantly increased in patients with primary APS.

Conclusions:

Blood T cell phenotypes in primary APS are markedly different from those in healthy controls.
These immunologic abnormalities suggest that the immune system's involvement in primary APS extends beyond autoantibody production.