Verification of source position in interstitial and intralumenal brachytherapy

In brachytherapy afterloading, the treatment is simulated using dummy sources. In this study, imaging during treatment was performed to see whether the radioactive sources accurately replaced the dummy sources. In low-dose rate afterloading (manually or remote controlled) X-ray radiography was applied for verification. In high dose rate afterloading, the radioactive source was visualised under remote controlled X-ray fluoroscopy. Differences between dummy and treatment source position were observed, justifying verification imaging in brachytherapy.