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Cheyne-Stokes respiration in ischemic stroke

A Nachtmann1, M Siebler, G Rose

  • 1Department of Neurology, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany.

Neurology
|April 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary
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Cheyne-Stokes respiration and low oxygen saturation are common in acute ischemic stroke patients. Treatment with theophylline ethylenediamine or oxygen inhalation effectively improved breathing and oxygen levels.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Respiratory Medicine
  • Critical Care Medicine

Background:

  • Acute ischemic stroke can lead to respiratory disturbances.
  • Cheyne-Stokes respiration (CSR) is a pattern of breathing characterized by cyclical fluctuations in tidal volume and apnea.
  • Hypoxemia, or low arterial oxygen saturation, is a potential complication of CSR in stroke patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the prevalence of Cheyne-Stokes respiration and associated arterial oxygen desaturation in patients with acute ischemic stroke.
  • To evaluate the efficacy of theophylline ethylenediamine and oxygen inhalation in correcting these ventilatory disturbances.

Main Methods:

  • Breathing patterns and arterial oxygen saturation were monitored in 32 conscious patients diagnosed with acute ischemic stroke.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Patients experiencing ventilatory disturbances were treated with intravenous theophylline ethylenediamine or inhaled oxygen.

    • Main Results:

    • Cheyne-Stokes respiration was observed in 17 (53%) of the patients.
    • These episodes were associated with significant drops in arterial oxygen saturation.
    • The ventilatory disturbance and oxygen desaturation promptly resolved following treatment with theophylline ethylenediamine or oxygen inhalation.
    • The infarct location did not correlate with the presence of Cheyne-Stokes respiration.

    Conclusions:

    • Cheyne-Stokes respiration and associated hypoxemia are frequent in acute ischemic stroke.
    • Intravenous theophylline ethylenediamine and oxygen inhalation represent simple and effective therapeutic options for improving arterial oxygenation in this patient subgroup.
    • These interventions can rapidly reverse ventilatory disturbances, potentially mitigating secondary brain injury.