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Related Experiment Videos

Surfactant abnormalities in ALTE and SIDS

I B Masters1, J Vance, B A Hills

  • 1Respiratory Research Unit, Mater Children's Hospital, South Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.

Archives of Disease in Childhood
|December 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Abnormal surfactant physical properties were found in infants with recurrent apparent life-threatening events (ALTEs), suggesting a potential biomarker for identifying infants at risk for ALTEs and sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS).

Area of Science:

  • Pulmonary Medicine
  • Biophysics
  • Pediatric Critical Care

Background:

  • Surfactant composition abnormalities are linked to prolonged expiratory apnoea (PEA) and sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS).
  • Previous findings were questioned as potential secondary effects of terminal events.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the physical properties of surfactant in children experiencing recurrent apparent life-threatening events (ALTEs), PEA, and SIDS.
  • To determine if surfactant abnormalities can identify infants at risk for these conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Bronchial lavage samples were collected from 21 children with recurrent ALTEs, 2 SIDS victims, and 26 controls.
  • Lipid components were extracted, and surfactant physical properties were analyzed using a Langmuir trough and Wilhelmy method.

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  • Investigators were blinded to clinical diagnoses.

    • Main Results:

    • Twenty-one of 23 patients exhibited abnormal surfactant physical properties, compared to seven of 26 controls.
    • Abnormalities included inverted hysteresis (figure of eight) and inverted (anticlockwise) loops with reduced hysteresis.
    • Control subjects predominantly showed normal, wide hysteresis patterns.

    Conclusions:

    • Children with recurrent ALTEs demonstrate distinct abnormalities in surfactant physical properties.
    • These findings may offer a sensitive method for identifying infants at risk for recurrent ALTEs and SIDS.