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Physical illness stigma and social rejection

C S Crandall1, D Moriarty

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Kansas, Lawrence 66045, USA.

The British Journal of Social Psychology
|March 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary

Illness stigma can lead to social rejection. Severity and behavioral causes are key factors driving this rejection, impacting how people perceive and react to diseases.

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Area of Science:

  • Social Psychology
  • Medical Sociology
  • Health Communication

Background:

  • Stigma associated with illness significantly impacts social interactions and inclusion.
  • Understanding the specific dimensions of stigma is crucial for mitigating social rejection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify critical dimensions of illness stigma that predict social rejection.
  • To investigate the independent and combined effects of illness severity and behavioral causality on social rejection.

Main Methods:

  • Subjects rated 66 medical case histories on various illness dimensions and social rejection.
  • Regression analysis was used to determine predictive dimensions of rejection.
  • A second experiment manipulated illness severity and behavioral causality in fictitious disease case histories.

Main Results:

  • Illness severity and behavioral causality were significant predictors of social rejection (multiple R = .68).
  • Both perceived severity and the perception of behavioral causality independently contributed to social rejection.
  • Diseases perceived as severe or under personal control were most likely to result in social rejection.

Conclusions:

  • The dimensions of severity and behavioral causality are critical drivers of social rejection related to illness stigma.
  • Interventions aimed at reducing illness stigma should address perceptions of severity and personal control.
  • Public health messaging can influence social acceptance by reframing disease causality and severity.

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