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Experimentally induced beriberi polyneuropathy in chickens

W Djoenaidi1, S L Notermans, A A Gabreëls-Festen

  • 1Department of Neurology, Airlangga University, Faculty of Medicine, Dr. Soetomo Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia.

Electromyography and Clinical Neurophysiology
|January 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary

Chickens developed thiamine deficiency symptoms within 22 days on a deficient diet, showing low blood thiamine and nerve damage. This chicken model aids in studying beriberi polyneuropathy diagnosis and treatment.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Biochemistry
  • Animal Models

Background:

  • Thiamine deficiency, or beriberi, leads to polyneuropathy.
  • Understanding the progression and treatment of this condition is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish and validate an experimental chicken model for studying thiamine deficiency-induced polyneuropathy.
  • To investigate the clinical, biochemical, and neurophysiological changes associated with thiamine deficiency in chickens.

Main Methods:

  • Chickens were fed a diet lacking thiamine.
  • Clinical symptoms, blood thiamine levels, and thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP) effect were monitored.
  • Neurophysiological tests (SSEPs) and nerve morphology were analyzed.
  • Treatment with thiamine tetrahydrofurfuryl disulfide (TTFD) was administered.

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Main Results:

  • Clinical symptoms of thiamine deficiency appeared in approximately 22 days.
  • Low blood thiamine and elevated TPP effect (>25%) were observed.
  • Neurophysiological and neuromorphological studies indicated significant axonal degeneration with secondary demyelination.
  • Treatment with TTFD led to gradual clinical improvement over one month.

Conclusions:

  • Experimentally induced beriberi polyneuropathy in chickens serves as a viable model for studying human neuropathies.
  • The model is suitable for research into the diagnosis and therapeutic strategies for thiamine deficiency disorders.