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Nonthrombogenic polymer vascular prosthesis

C Nojiri1, K Senshu, T Okano

  • 1Institute of Biomedical Science, Terumo Corporation, Kanagawa, Japan.

Artificial Organs
|January 1, 1995
PubMed
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A novel synthetic vascular graft with a nonthrombogenic polymer coating achieved long-term patency in small diameter applications. This blood-compatible graft demonstrated a stable protein layer, preventing thrombi and ensuring graft success.

Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Vascular Surgery
  • Polymer Chemistry

Background:

  • Small diameter synthetic vascular grafts often fail due to thrombosis and lack of long-term patency.
  • Existing biomedical polymers show limitations in blood compatibility for vascular applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and evaluate a novel small caliber vascular graft with a nonthrombogenic inner layer coating.
  • To assess the in vivo performance and blood compatibility of the new graft in a canine carotid artery model.

Main Methods:

  • A three-layered graft was constructed using Dacron, polyurethane, and a HEMA/styrene block copolymer (HEMA-st) inner coating.
  • Ten grafts were implanted in a dog bilateral carotid artery replacement model and retrieved at various time points (7-372 days).

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  • Graft patency, thrombus formation, and surface characteristics were analyzed using macroscopic examination, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy.

    • Main Results:

    • All implanted grafts remained patent without any detectable thrombi at any time point.
    • Surface analysis revealed a stable, homogenous monolayer of adsorbed protein on the HEMA-st inner surface, irrespective of implantation duration.
    • No endothelial cell lining was observed, yet the grafts exhibited excellent blood compatibility and long-term patency.

    Conclusions:

    • The HEMA-st coated vascular graft demonstrates excellent nonthrombogenic properties in vivo.
    • This novel graft material provides secure long-term patency for small caliber vascular substitution.
    • A stable adsorbed protein monolayer is key to the graft's success, even without endothelialization.