Painful spondylolisthesis in a two-year-old child

Spondylolisthesis is considered one of the common causes of back pain in children. There are far fewer cases reported in children under the age of 4 years. However, all patients described were diagnosed by radiographic examination in a workup for other congenital or musculoskeletal abnormalities. This report describes a 2-year-old girl who presented with low back pain and was subsequently diagnosed with spondylolisthesis.