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Group B meningococcal meningitis in India

M Suri1, M Kabra, S Singh

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi.

Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases
|January 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary

The first reported case of Group B meningococcus infection in India involved a 4-month-old boy with meningitis. This rare bacterial meningitis led to rapid fatality, highlighting the aggressive nature of this pathogen.

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Area of Science:

  • Clinical microbiology and infectious diseases.
  • Pediatric infectious disease epidemiology.
  • Bacterial meningitis diagnostics.

Background:

  • Group B meningococcus (Neisseria meningitidis serogroup B) is a significant cause of bacterial meningitis globally.
  • While prevalent in other regions, serogroup B meningococcal infections have been historically rare in India.
  • Early and accurate diagnosis is critical for managing meningococcal disease, a potentially fatal infection.

Observation:

  • A 4-month-old infant presented with symptoms suggestive of meningitis.
  • The patient experienced rapid deterioration and succumbed to the illness within 6 hours of hospital admission.
  • Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis revealed Gram-negative diplococci consistent with meningococci.

Findings:

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  • Microscopic examination of CSF demonstrated the presence of meningococci.
  • Latex particle agglutination testing on CSF yielded a strong positive result for Neisseria meningitidis serogroup B.
  • Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) confirmed the presence of N. meningitidis serogroup B using specific primers targeting the dhps gene.

    • Implications:

    • This case represents the first documented instance of Group B meningococcal infection in India.
    • The findings underscore the potential emergence and spread of Neisseria meningitidis serogroup B in previously less affected regions.
    • Highlights the need for enhanced surveillance and diagnostic capabilities for meningococcal disease in India.