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The schema model: a proposed replacement paradigm for psychoanalysis

J W Slap, L Slap-Shelton

    Psychoanalytic Review
    |January 1, 1994
    PubMed
    Summary
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    This model explains the dynamic unconscious as unresolved childhood experiences shaping current relationships, leading to repetition and transference. It offers a clearer, more consistent alternative to the structural model.

    Area of Science:

    • Psychology
    • Psychodynamic Theory
    • Neuroscience

    Background:

    • The structural model of the psyche has limitations in explaining unconscious processes.
    • Unresolved childhood experiences significantly influence adult behavior and relationships.
    • The role of perception in psychodynamic models requires further clarification.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To present a new model of the dynamic unconscious.
    • To explain repetition phenomena and transference through the lens of assimilated experiences.
    • To highlight the advantages of this model over the structural model, particularly regarding internal consistency and the role of unconscious fantasy and perception.

    Main Methods:

    • Conceptual modeling of the dynamic unconscious.
    • Analysis of assimilation processes and their link to repetition and transference.

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  • Exploration of the model's compatibility with current neuroscience and psychodynamic research.
  • Inclusion of an illustrative case study.

    • Main Results:

    • The proposed dynamic unconscious model is a nonaccommodating schema of unmastered residues from childhood and later experiences.
    • Assimilation of current individuals into roles of early figures explains repetition and transference.
    • The model demonstrates internal consistency, avoids highly abstract concepts, and clearly incorporates unconscious fantasy and perception.

    Conclusions:

    • This dynamic unconscious model offers a coherent framework for understanding psychological repetition and transference.
    • It provides a more integrated view of perception within psychodynamic theory.
    • The model aligns with findings from neuroscience and contemporary psychodynamic research, suggesting its clinical and theoretical utility.