Participation in transvaginal ovarian cancer screening: compliance, correlation factors, and costs

The objective was to identify factors influencing participation in screening for ovarian cancer using transvaginal sonography in the free experimental program at the University of Kentucky over its 6+ year history. Database records for screenings, performed from 1987 to June 1994, were utilized. Computer sorts, 1990 census information as predictors, and stepwise multiple regression analysis were employed. Participation in the model ovarian screening program took 3-4 years to approach > 300 screens/month, with repeat screenings exceeding new subject participation in this time period. A number of participants traveled > 200 miles for screening on both initial and repeat encounters. Analysis of distance to the screening site, median family income, county physician population, and education levels indicated that distance and then education correlated best with participation. Unit screening cost shrank from $45 to under $25 when maximal participation was achieved. Distance and education correlated with participation. Expenses compare favorably with diagnostic procedures for other diseases.