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Related Experiment Videos

Immunological reactivity in ranitidine factory workers

A P Riviera1, A Pezzini, G Zanoni

  • 1Institute of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Verona, Policlinico di Borgo Roma, Italy.

International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health
|January 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary

Occupational exposure to ranitidine may cause immune reactions. The lymphocyte transformation test (LTT) linked ranitidine exposure to work-related symptoms in pharmaceutical workers.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Occupational Health
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Ranitidine is widely used, and its production involves potential occupational exposure.
  • Understanding immune responses to ranitidine is crucial for assessing worker health.
  • Previous studies have not fully elucidated the immunological reactivity to ranitidine in occupational settings.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between immunological reactivity to ranitidine base (R-b) and ranitidine hydrochloride (R-HCl) and occupationally related symptomatology.
  • To determine the prevalence of positive lymphocyte transformation test (LTT) reactions to ranitidine in exposed workers.
  • To explore potential cross-reactivity between R-b and R-HCl.

Main Methods:

  • A lymphocyte transformation test (LTT) was employed to assess specific immune reactivity.

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  • 40 pharmaceutical plant workers producing ranitidine and 33 nonexposed controls were analyzed.
  • Subjects reported work-related symptoms including cutaneous, oculonasal, and respiratory issues.

    • Main Results:

    • 11 out of 40 (28%) exposed workers showed positive LTT reactions to ranitidine.
    • Positive reactions were observed for R-b (3/11), R-HCl (4/11), and both compounds (4/11).
    • 23 out of 40 (58%) workers reported work-related symptoms, with 10 (43%) of these being LTT positive.

    Conclusions:

    • Specific immune reactivity to ranitidine, detected by LTT, is associated with occupational symptomatology.
    • Ranitidine base and hydrochloride share antigenic determinants, indicating partial cross-reactivity.
    • Non-immunological, likely irritative, mechanisms may also contribute to symptoms in some workers.