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[Leprosy and pregnancy]

V G Lopes1, E N Sarno

  • 1Departamento de Patologia da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal Fluminense (Niterói).

Revista Da Associacao Medica Brasileira (1992)
|July 1, 1994
PubMed
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Leprosy during pregnancy, particularly lepromatous and borderline types, is linked to adverse maternal and newborn outcomes, including reactions and low birth weight. Early diagnosis and consistent treatment are crucial for better results.

Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Maternal-Fetal Medicine

Context:

  • Leprosy (mycobacterium leprae) presents unique challenges during pregnancy.
  • Maternal leprosy can impact both the mother and the developing fetus.
  • Understanding the spectrum of leprosy in pregnancy is vital for effective management.

Purpose:

  • To describe the clinical presentation, treatment, and outcomes of leprosy in a cohort of pregnant women and their newborns.
  • To identify risk factors associated with adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes in leprosy patients.
  • To evaluate the efficacy of multidrug therapy in pregnant women with leprosy.

Summary:

  • This study followed 20 pregnant women with various forms of leprosy, including lepromatous, borderline, tuberculoid, and indeterminate types.

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  • Maternal leprosy manifested during pregnancy or postpartum, with treatments including multidrug therapy and dapsone monotherapy.
  • Complications observed included reaction states (erythema nodosum leprosum, reversal reactions), false-positive syphilis tests, and positive bacterioscopic examinations.
  • Adverse neonatal outcomes such as low birth weight and prematurity were noted, particularly in infants born to mothers with lepromatous and borderline leprosy.

    • Impact:

    • Highlights the significant risk of reaction states and adverse neonatal outcomes in lepromatous and borderline leprosy during pregnancy.
    • Emphasizes the need for vigilant monitoring and tailored treatment strategies for pregnant women with leprosy.
    • Informs clinical practice regarding the management of leprosy in pregnancy to improve maternal and infant health outcomes.