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Vasectomy is a surgical form of male sterilization that involves severing and sealing the vasa deferentia, preventing sperm from mixing with semen during ejaculation. Because a vasectomy does not impact the testes' ability to produce testosterone, hormone levels, libido, and sexual function generally remain unchanged. While vasectomy is highly effective in preventing pregnancy, with a success rate near 99.85%, rare cases of recanalization (spontaneous reconnection) can occur. Although vasectomy...

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Methods for Studying Uterine Contributions to Pregnancy Establishment in an Ovariectomized Mouse Model

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Using induced abortion to measure contraceptive efficacy

F E Skjeldestad¹

¹Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital of Trondheim, Norway.

Family Planning Perspectives

|March 1, 1995

Summary

This study compared contraceptive methods, finding that sterilization and vasectomy offered the highest efficacy. The pill and IUD were also highly effective, while condoms and diaphragms showed lower, though still significant, pregnancy prevention rates.

Keywords:

Abortion, Induced Case Control Studies Contraception Contraceptive Effectiveness Developed Countries Europe Family Planning Fertility Control, Postconception Northern Europe Norway Research Report Scandinavia Studies

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Area of Science:

Reproductive Health
Epidemiology
Contraceptive Technology

Background:

Understanding the comparative effectiveness of various contraceptive methods is crucial for informed reproductive health choices.
Previous studies have established varying levels of efficacy for different birth control options.

Purpose of the Study:

To quantify and compare the contraceptive efficacy of multiple methods using a case-control design.
To analyze how factors like age, marital status, and parity influence the effectiveness of common contraceptives.

Main Methods:

A 1989-1990 case-control study in Norway involving 1,386 women seeking abortions (cases) and 2,627 women from a fertility survey (controls).
Logistic regression analysis was employed to measure contraceptive efficacy as the odds of avoiding pregnancy.
Efficacy was assessed for consistent condom use, diaphragm, oral contraceptive pill, intrauterine device (IUD), vasectomy, and female sterilization.

Main Results:

Sterilization (99.8%) and vasectomy (99.5%) demonstrated the highest contraceptive efficacy.
The pill (97.8%) and IUD (97.6%) also showed very high efficacy in preventing pregnancy.
Consistent condom use (88.9%) and diaphragm use (89.3%) were less effective but still offered substantial pregnancy risk reduction. Efficacy of condom, IUD, and pill decreased with increasing age.

Conclusions:

Permanent methods (sterilization, vasectomy) offer near-complete protection against unintended pregnancy.
Hormonal (pill) and long-acting reversible methods (IUD) provide high levels of contraceptive efficacy.
User-dependent methods (condom, diaphragm) show lower efficacy, influenced by consistent use and potentially age.