Epidemiology of staphylococcal infections--a USA perspective

¹Antimicrobial Research and Pharmaceutical Services Division, Microbiology Reference Laboratory, Franklin, Tennessee 37064.

Journal of Chemotherapy (Florence, Italy)

|April 1, 1994

Abstract:

Data collected from the National Nosocomial Infection Surveillance show that Gram-positive organisms, and Staphylococcus aureus in particular, are a major cause of nosocomial infections, especially wound infections, pneumonia and bacteraemia. Currently in the United States, approximately 18% of S. aureus isolates show intrinsic resistance to methicillin.

Insights

Gram-positive organisms like Staphylococcus aureus are a significant cause of hospital-acquired infections. Alarmingly, about 18% of S. aureus strains in the US are now resistant to methicillin.

Area of Science:

Infectious Diseases
Microbiology
Public Health

Background:

Nosocomial infections pose a significant threat in healthcare settings.
Gram-positive bacteria, particularly Staphylococcus aureus, are frequently implicated in these infections.
Antimicrobial resistance is a growing global health concern.

Purpose of the Study:

To highlight the prevalence of Gram-positive organisms as causes of nosocomial infections.
To identify Staphylococcus aureus as a key pathogen in hospital-acquired infections.
To report the current rate of methicillin resistance in S. aureus isolates in the United States.

Main Methods:

Analysis of data from the National Nosocomial Infection Surveillance.
Identification and characterization of bacterial isolates from hospital-acquired infections.
Assessment of antimicrobial susceptibility patterns, focusing on methicillin resistance.

Main Results:

Gram-positive organisms are a major cause of nosocomial infections.
Staphylococcus aureus is a predominant pathogen, especially in wound infections, pneumonia, and bacteremia.
Approximately 18% of S. aureus isolates in the United States exhibit intrinsic resistance to methicillin.

Conclusions:

Staphylococcus aureus is a critical pathogen in healthcare-associated infections.
The high rate of methicillin resistance in S. aureus necessitates vigilant infection control and treatment strategies.
Continued surveillance is crucial for monitoring antimicrobial resistance trends.

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