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Complement activation during storage of single-donor platelet concentrates
M Schleuning1, M Böck, W Mempel
1Transfusionszentrum, Universitätsklinikum Grosshadern, München, BRD.
Vox Sanguinis
|January 1, 1994
Summary
Platelet storage increases complement factors C3a and C4a, potentially impairing platelet function. These anaphylatoxins rise significantly during storage, impacting transfusion safety and platelet efficacy.
Area of Science:
- Transfusion Medicine
- Immunology
- Hematology
Background:
- Single-donor platelets are stored for up to 5 days before transfusion.
- Plasma contact with plastic storage containers may activate the complement system.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the increase of complement factors C3a, C4a, and C5a in stored single-donor platelet concentrates.
- To assess the impact of storage on platelet function.
Main Methods:
- Measurement of C3a, C4a, and C5a levels in platelet concentrates during a 7-day storage period.
- Assessment of ADP- and collagen-induced platelet aggregation.
- Comparison with complement factor levels in stored platelet-poor plasma.
Main Results:
- C3a levels increased approximately 40-fold during 7-day storage.
- C4a levels also increased with storage time, though to a lesser extent.
- C5a levels remained stable; platelet aggregation function was impaired, indicating functional injury.
Conclusions:
- Elevated anaphylatoxin concentrations (C3a, C4a) in stored platelets may contribute to functional impairment.
- Complement activation occurs during routine platelet storage.
- Findings suggest a potential link between complement activation and loss of platelet efficacy during storage.