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Intestinal amebiasis: histopathologic features in experimentally infected mice

P K Ghosh1, R Mancilla, L Ortiz-Ortiz

  • 1Departamento de Immunología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, D.F.

Archives of Medical Research
|January 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary

A new mouse model for intestinal amebiasis was developed using Entamoeba histolytica. This model shows ulcerative disease mimicking human infections, even without significant parasite tissue invasion, suggesting toxic factors play a key role.

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Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Parasitology
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Intestinal amebiasis remains a significant global health issue, particularly in developing regions.
  • Existing in vitro findings necessitate validation through suitable in vivo experimental models.
  • The mouse model, with its well-characterized genetics and immunology, has been underutilized for intestinal amebiasis research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish and characterize a novel mouse model for intestinal amebiasis.
  • To investigate the pathogenesis of Entamoeba histolytica infection in vivo.
  • To evaluate the role of parasite factors in disease development.

Main Methods:

  • Direct cecal inoculation of Entamoeba histolytica (strain HM1:IMSS) into C3H/HeJ mice.

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  • Histopathological analysis of cecal tissues at multiple time points (5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 days post-infection).
  • Observation and documentation of lesion development and parasite presence.

    • Main Results:

    • Development of an ulcerative inflammatory disease closely resembling human intestinal amebiasis.
    • Early lesions showed epithelial erosions, progressing to deep, destructive cecal wall lesions.
    • Flask-shaped ulcers, intestinal perforations, and intramural abscesses were observed.
    • Extensive ulcerative disease occurred in most mice, irrespective of significant observed tissue invasion by amebae.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed mouse model effectively replicates key features of human intestinal amebiasis.
    • Significant tissue invasion by Entamoeba histolytica trophozoites may not be essential for causing ulcerative disease.
    • Toxic factors released by amebae are suggested to play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of amebic colitis.