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Hyperbaric oxygen for perianal Crohn's disease

A Lavy1, G Weisz, Y Adir

  • 1Department of Gastroenterology, Rambam Medical Center, Haifa, Israel.

Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology
|October 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary

Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) offers a safe and effective treatment for refractory perianal Crohn's disease. This study showed significant healing and no recurrence in patients unresponsive to conventional therapies.

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Hyperbaric Medicine

Background:

  • Perianal Crohn's disease affects up to 50% of patients, presenting challenges due to its refractory nature and distressing symptoms like fistulas and stenosis.
  • The exact pathogenesis remains unclear, with potential roles for local ischemia and secondary anaerobic infection.

Observation:

  • A trial involving 10 patients with treatment-resistant perianal Crohn's disease utilized hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) in a hyperbaric chamber at 2.5 atm absolute.
  • Each patient received 20 daily 90-minute sessions per course, with some undergoing multiple courses.

Findings:

  • Complete healing was achieved in 5 patients after one to two courses of HBOT.
  • Two additional patients experienced healing after three courses, one showed improvement without complete healing, and two did not respond.

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  • No adverse effects were reported during the treatment, and follow-up over 18 months showed no recurrence.

    • Implications:

    • HBOT is a safe and efficient therapeutic option for refractory perianal Crohn's disease.
    • These preliminary findings suggest HBOT could be a valuable addition to the treatment armamentarium for complex perianal Crohn's disease.
    • Further research is warranted to explore HBOT's efficacy and optimal protocols in a larger patient cohort.