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Newborn hearing screening

D L Stewart¹, A Pearlman

¹Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, KY 40292.

The Journal of the Kentucky Medical Association

|November 1, 1994

Summary

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Newborn hearing screening using a modified auditory brain stem evoked response (ABR) identified significant hearing loss in 11% of infants. This cost-effective method enables early intervention for congenital deafness.

Area of Science:

Neonatal care
Audiology
Public health

Background:

Congenital deafness affects 1/300 to 1/1000 newborns.
Current screening methods, like Kentucky's High Risk Registry, miss up to 50% of hearing deficits.
Delayed diagnosis of deafness hinders early intervention.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the effectiveness of a modified auditory brain stem evoked response (ABR) for newborn hearing screening.
To assess the incidence of hearing loss in a neonatal intensive care unit population.
To determine the positive predictive value of the ABR screening method.

Main Methods:

Screened 1,987 infants in nurseries using the ALGO-1 (modified ABR) screener.
Monitored for complications during the screening process.

Related Experiment Videos

Calculated referral rates and positive predictive value.

Main Results:

An 11% referral rate for audiological evaluation was observed.
Forty-eight infants were diagnosed with hearing loss (nonspecified, sensorineural, or conductive).
The screening demonstrated a 96% positive predictive value with no significant complications.

Conclusions:

Modified ABR is a timely and cost-efficient method for newborn hearing loss screening.
Mass screening of all newborns using this method is recommended.
Early detection through universal screening facilitates timely intervention for congenital deafness.