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Vitamin A supplementation in post-measles complications

Madhulika1, S K Kabra, A Talati

  • 1V. S. General Hospital, Ahmedabad, India.

Journal of Tropical Pediatrics
|October 1, 1994
PubMed

Insights

Vitamin A supplementation significantly reduced the case fatality rate in children with post-measles complications. However, Vitamin A did not impact mortality in cases of severe malnutrition or encephalopathy.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Nutritional Science
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Measles is a significant cause of childhood mortality globally.
  • Post-measles complications, including severe malnutrition and encephalopathy, increase mortality risk.
  • Vitamin A deficiency is common in measles-affected populations and linked to poorer outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect of Vitamin A supplementation on the case fatality rate in children with post-measles complications.
  • To determine if Vitamin A supplementation modifies mortality in severe malnutrition or encephalopathy secondary to measles.

Main Methods:

  • A comparative study involving 177 children with post-measles complications.
  • Two groups were formed: one received Vitamin A (200,000 IU daily for two days) plus standard care, the other received standard care alone.
  • Case fatality rates were compared between the groups.

Main Results:

  • The case fatality rate was 16% in the Vitamin A supplemented group versus 32% in the control group (P < 0.02).
  • No statistically significant difference in mortality was observed between groups for children with severe malnutrition or encephalopathy (P > 0.1).

Conclusions:

  • Vitamin A supplementation demonstrates a significant benefit in reducing mortality among children experiencing post-measles complications.
  • The therapeutic effect of Vitamin A may be limited in measles cases complicated by severe malnutrition or encephalopathy.

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