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Related Experiment Videos

Lymphocyte membrane modifications induced by HIV infection

N Kashiwagi1, M J Gill, M Adachi

  • 1Department of Medical Biochemistry, Foothills Hospital, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada.

The Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine
|May 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary

Novel carbohydrate changes on T lymphocytes are linked to HIV progression. These changes, observed on CD8+ T cells, correlate with immune system impairment in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Glycobiology
  • Virology

Background:

  • Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection causes significant immune system dysfunction.
  • Alterations in cell surface glycosylation patterns are implicated in various diseases, including cancer and viral infections.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate novel carbohydrate antigen expressions on T lymphocytes in HIV-infected patients.
  • To determine the correlation between these carbohydrate changes and HIV disease progression.

Main Methods:

  • Flow cytometric analysis was performed using four monoclonal antibodies (mAbs): BM-1, ACFH-18, FH-2, and C-6.
  • Expression levels of specific carbohydrate antigens were quantified on T lymphocyte subsets (CD4+ and CD8+ T cells).

Main Results:

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  • Novel carbohydrate antigens were detected on T lymphocytes from HIV-infected individuals, with distinct expression patterns compared to healthy subjects.
  • A significant alteration in glycosylation was observed on CD8+ T cells, characterized by increased Ley antigen expression.
  • The incidence of Ley antigen expression on CD8+ T cells correlated positively with HIV disease progression and immune function impairment.

Conclusions:

  • HIV infection induces profound changes in T cell surface glycosylation.
  • These aberrant carbohydrate expressions, particularly on CD8+ T cells, may contribute to immune dysregulation and accelerated CD4+ T cell damage.
  • Cell surface carbohydrate alterations could play a role in the immunopathogenesis of HIV, leading to impaired antigen-specific immunity.