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[Transmissible animal spongiform encephalopathies. Epidemiologic aspects]
1Ecole nationale vétérinaire d'Alfort, Maisons-Alfort.
Summary
This article updates data on transmissible spongiform encephalopathies in animals, including bovine spongiform encephalopathy and scrapie in sheep. It discusses genetic susceptibility, natural transmission, and control measures for public and animal health.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Medicine
- Neuroscience
- Public Health
Background:
- Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs) are fatal neurodegenerative diseases affecting various animal species.
- Bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) and scrapie are significant TSEs with implications for animal and potentially human health.
- Understanding TSEs is crucial for disease surveillance and control.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide an updated overview of transmissible spongiform encephalopathies in animals.
- To detail the epidemiology of bovine spongiform encephalopathy and scrapie.
- To discuss genetic factors, transmission routes, and control strategies for TSEs.
Main Methods:
- Review and synthesis of current data on animal TSEs.
- Analysis of genetic susceptibility in scrapie-affected sheep.
- Examination of natural transmission pathways for spongiform encephalopathies.
- Evaluation of public health and animal health control measures.
Main Results:
- Updated epidemiological data on sporadic bovine spongiform encephalopathy globally, with a focus on Great Britain.
- Insights into the genetic basis of scrapie susceptibility in sheep populations.
- Discussion of natural transmission mechanisms contributing to TSE spread.
- Presentation of implemented and recommended control strategies.
Conclusions:
- Continued vigilance and updated data are essential for managing animal TSEs.
- Genetic factors play a role in the susceptibility and spread of diseases like scrapie.
- Integrated public and animal health strategies are vital for controlling transmissible spongiform encephalopathies.