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Impaired glucose tolerance and NIDDM: does a lifestyle intervention program have an effect?
D M Bourn1, J I Mann, B J McSkimming
1Department of Human Nutrition, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
Diabetes Care
|November 1, 1994
Summary
A 2-year lifestyle intervention improved glucose tolerance and lipid levels in individuals with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) or non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). These findings suggest lifestyle changes can positively impact metabolic health in at-risk populations.
Area of Science:
- Metabolic Health
- Diabetes Research
- Lifestyle Medicine
Background:
- Persistent impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) represent significant public health challenges.
- Early intervention is crucial for managing metabolic dysregulation and preventing disease progression.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the impact of a 2-year lifestyle intervention on glucose tolerance and lipid profiles.
- To assess metabolic improvements in individuals with persistent IGT or NIDDM.
Main Methods:
- Recruited 52 participants with persistent IGT or NIDDM.
- Monitored dietary intake and physical activity over 2 years.
- Assessed oral glucose tolerance tests, HbA1c, and lipid profiles at baseline and quarterly.
Main Results:
- Participants showed significant reductions in body mass index, fasting and 2-hour plasma glucose, and HbA1c.
- Improvements were observed in total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and triglyceride levels.
- Dietary changes included reduced fat intake and increased carbohydrate consumption, though not all participants met recommended targets.
Conclusions:
- A lifestyle intervention program demonstrated significant improvements in clinical and metabolic variables for some individuals with IGT or NIDDM.
- While results are promising, the lack of a control group limits definitive conclusions.
- Screening for IGT and offering lifestyle interventions may help mitigate the progression to NIDDM.