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Tuberculous meningitis in children

S Altunbaşak1, E Alhan, V Baytok

  • 1Department of Pediatric Neurology, Medical School of Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey.

Acta Paediatrica Japonica : Overseas Edition
|October 1, 1994
PubMed
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Tuberculous meningitis (TBM) prognosis is significantly linked to hydrocephalus (HC) and clinical stage at admission. Early detection and management of HC in TBM patients are crucial for better outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Tuberculous meningitis (TBM) remains a significant global health challenge, particularly in developing countries.
  • Early diagnosis and effective management are critical for improving patient outcomes.
  • Cranial imaging plays a vital role in assessing disease severity and complications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the clinical, laboratory, and radiological findings in patients with tuberculous meningitis.
  • To determine the prognostic value of various factors, including hydrocephalus and clinical stage, in TBM patients.
  • To explore the relationship between specific radiological findings and patient prognosis.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of data from 52 patients diagnosed with tuberculous meningitis between May 1988 and November 1992.

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  • Collection of data on symptoms, signs, BCG vaccination status, PPD tests, and clinical, laboratory, radiological, and microbiological findings.
  • Cranial computed tomography (CT) scans were utilized to assess for hydrocephalus and other intracranial abnormalities.

    • Main Results:

    • Hydrocephalus (HC) was detected in 98% of TBM patients via cranial CT.
    • A statistically significant correlation was observed between the clinical stage at admission and patient prognosis (P < 0.05).
    • A significant relationship was also found between the presence of hydrocephalus and prognosis (P < 0.05).

    Conclusions:

    • Hydrocephalus and the clinical stage at admission are significant prognostic indicators in tuberculous meningitis.
    • Parenchymal involvement and basilar meningitis did not show a significant relationship with prognosis in this cohort.
    • Findings underscore the importance of early identification and management of hydrocephalus in TBM for improved patient outcomes.