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Human papillomaviruses

H zur Hausen1, E M de Villiers

  • 1Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Heidelberg, Germany.

Annual Review of Microbiology
|January 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary

Human pathogenic papillomaviruses (HPV) are linked to various cancers, including cervical, anogenital, skin, and oral cancers. High-risk HPV types

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Virology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Over 73 genotypes of human pathogenic papillomaviruses (HPV) have been identified in the last 17 years.
  • While most HPV genotypes cause benign growths, several are associated with malignant tumors.
  • Specific HPV infections are linked to cervical, anogenital, skin, oral, nasal, and periungual cancers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of high-risk human pathogenic papillomaviruses (HPV) in cancer development.
  • To elucidate the mechanisms by which HPV oncogenes contribute to malignant transformation.
  • To understand the interplay between viral gene expression and host cell regulation in cancer pathogenesis.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on HPV genotypes and associated cancers.
  • Analysis of the molecular mechanisms of HPV oncogenes (E6 and E7) in cellular transformation.
  • Examination of the regulation of HPV gene activity by host cell factors.

Main Results:

  • High-risk HPV types (e.g., 16, 18) possess oncogenes (E6 and E7) crucial for malignant conversion.
  • HPV E6 and E7 expression promotes cell proliferation and induces genetic instability.
  • Host cell genes regulate HPV oncogene activity, and their mutations are implicated in malignant progression.

Conclusions:

  • Specific high-risk HPV genotypes are oncogenic, playing a necessary but not sufficient role in cancer development.
  • The interplay between viral oncogenes and host cell genetic modifications is critical for malignant progression.
  • Understanding these molecular mechanisms is key to developing targeted cancer prevention and treatment strategies.

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