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Snoring and cardiovascular risk factors
M Koskenvuo1, M Partinen, J Kaprio
1Department of Public Health, University of Turku, Finland.
Annals of Medicine
|October 1, 1994
Summary
Snoring is linked to several cardiovascular risk factors, including smoking and obesity. These associations must be considered in future research on snoring and heart disease to avoid confounding effects.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Sleep Medicine
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Snoring is a common symptom with potential links to cardiovascular health.
- Understanding these associations is crucial for accurate risk assessment.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the cross-sectional associations between snoring and various cardiovascular risk factors in middle-aged men.
- To identify potential confounding factors in studies examining snoring's predictive value for cardiovascular diseases.
Main Methods:
- A postal survey was conducted among 3750 males aged 40-59 years.
- Univariate and multiple logistic regression analyses were employed to assess associations.
- The study controlled for age and other potential confounders.
Main Results:
- Snoring was significantly associated with hypertension, smoking, obesity, heavy alcohol use, physical inactivity, dyspnoea, hostility, and morning tiredness in univariate analyses.
- In multivariate analyses, snoring remained significantly associated with smoking, obesity, physical inactivity, hostility, and morning tiredness.
- The link between snoring, smoking, and obesity appeared largely independent of other factors.
Conclusions:
- Snoring is associated with multiple cardiovascular risk factors in middle-aged men.
- Hypertension, smoking, obesity, heavy alcohol use, physical inactivity, and hostility are important potential confounders in research on snoring and cardiovascular disease.
- Future studies on the predictive value of snoring for coronary heart disease and stroke should account for these associated risk factors.