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Tricuspid and mitral valvular disease: valve replacement
1Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis 95616.
Seminars in Veterinary Medicine and Surgery (Small Animal)
|November 1, 1994
Summary
This study explored atrioventricular (AV) valve replacement surgery in dogs, finding that while techniques are advancing, patient selection is crucial for successful outcomes in companion animals.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Surgery
- Cardiovascular Medicine
- Biomedical Engineering
Background:
- Atrioventricular (AV) valve dysfunction is a significant concern in companion animals.
- Surgical interventions for AV valve disease in veterinary medicine are evolving.
- Previous attempts at valve replacement in dogs have shown variable success.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the feasibility and outcomes of AV valve replacement surgery in clinical canine patients.
- To assess the efficacy of different prosthetic valve types (autologous tissue and mechanical) in dogs.
- To identify challenges and potential advancements in veterinary valve replacement surgery.
Main Methods:
- AV valve replacement surgery was performed on seven clinical dogs.
- Procedures included implantation of autologous tissue tricuspid/mitral valves and mechanical mitral prostheses.
- Postoperative monitoring assessed recovery, complications, and survival rates.
Main Results:
- Outcomes varied significantly across the seven dogs.
- Two dogs with tricuspid prostheses showed recovery, with one surviving long-term.
- Complications included death from unrelated defects, hemorrhage, and inability to wean from cardiopulmonary bypass.
Conclusions:
- Current veterinary surgical techniques and equipment are sufficient for AV valve replacement in companion animals.
- Prosthetic valves are available for small animal patients.
- Patient selection, particularly assessing myocardial reserve, remains a critical obstacle for routine implementation.