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Interleukin-8 expression by head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

R F Cohen1, J Contrino, J D Spiro

  • 1Department of Surgery, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington.

Archives of Otolaryngology--Head & Neck Surgery
|February 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary

Interleukin-8 (IL-8) is produced by human head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCAs). This cytokine

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Immunology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCAs) are a significant cause of cancer-related mortality.
  • The role of specific cytokines, such as interleukin-8 (IL-8), in HNSCCA pathogenesis is not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether human HNSCCAs produce IL-8.
  • To determine if IL-8 production by HNSCCAs can be modulated by other cytokines.
  • To explore the potential role of IL-8 in lymphocyte recruitment and tumor neovascularization in HNSCCA.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of IL-8 antigen expression in fresh HNSCCA tumor samples using radioimmunoassay and immunohistochemistry.
  • Assessment of IL-8 production in short-term primary cultures and continuous cell lines of HNSCCA.
  • Evaluation of IL-8 production under baseline conditions and following stimulation with various cytokines, including interleukin-1 (IL-1) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF).

Main Results:

  • IL-8 antigen was detected in all analyzed fresh HNSCCA tumor homogenates.
  • Immunohistochemical staining localized IL-8 predominantly within tumor cells.
  • Cultured HNSCCA cells produced low levels of IL-8 basally, but significantly increased production upon stimulation with IL-1 and TNF.

Conclusions:

  • HNSCCAs express IL-8 in vivo, and their IL-8 production can be upregulated by IL-1 and TNF in vitro.
  • Local production of IL-8 by HNSCCA cells may contribute to lymphocyte recruitment and tumor neovascularization.
  • IL-8 regulation by cytokines could influence the progression and clinical outcome of HNSCCA.