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Hydrocephalus shunt infections

R Bayston1

  • 1Department of Microbial Diseases, City Hospital, Nottingham, UK.

The Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy
|August 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Hydrocephalus shunt infections, common in infants, are difficult to diagnose. Treatment typically requires shunt removal, but new therapies show promise.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Neurology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Neurosurgery

Background:

  • Hydrocephalus is commonly diagnosed in infancy, requiring cerebrospinal fluid shunts.
  • Shunts are susceptible to colonization by Staphylococcus epidermidis, particularly in infants.
  • Infant shunt infections are more frequent due to prolonged hospital stays and bacterial factors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the diagnosis and treatment of cerebrospinal fluid shunt colonization and infections.
  • To highlight diagnostic challenges, especially in infants and the elderly.
  • To discuss current and emerging treatment strategies for shunt infections.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of hydrocephalus shunt infections.
  • Analysis of diagnostic difficulties and serological test utility.

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  • Evaluation of treatment outcomes for various therapeutic regimens.

    • Main Results:

    • Shunt colonization by Staphylococcus epidermidis is a significant complication.
    • Diagnosis of shunt colonization is challenging, with serological tests being crucial.
    • Effective treatment often involves shunt removal, though alternative strategies are under investigation.
    • Intraventricular vancomycin with intravenous rifampicin shows high success rates.

    Conclusions:

    • Hydrocephalus shunt infections require prompt and effective management.
    • Accurate diagnosis, particularly in vulnerable populations, is critical.
    • Optimized treatment regimens, including novel intraventricular therapies, are essential for successful outcomes.