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Related Experiment Videos

The first spinal anesthesia. Who deserves the laurels?

G F Marx1

  • 1Department of Anesthesiology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York.

Regional Anesthesia
|November 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary

Corning's early attempt at spinal anesthesia was likely an extradural block, not a true spinal anesthetic. August Bier is credited with the first authentic spinal anesthesia, using cocaine.

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Area of Science:

  • Anesthesiology
  • Neurology
  • Medical History

Background:

  • Investigating the historical debate surrounding James Leonard Corning's 1885 cocaine injection.
  • Comparing Corning's procedure with early authentic spinal anesthesia techniques by Bier and Tuffier.

Discussion:

  • Corning's injection details, including dose, onset, and sensory level, suggest an extradural rather than a spinal block.
  • Corning's proposed mechanism of action differed significantly from established understanding of spinal anesthesia.

Key Insights:

  • Corning's cocaine injection did not involve cerebrospinal fluid, unlike authentic spinal anesthesia.
  • Corning used a higher dose of cocaine with slower onset and lower sensory level compared to Bier and Tuffier.
  • Corning theorized venous absorption for cocaine's effect, contrasting with direct spinal cord action.

Outlook:

  • Re-evaluating historical contributions to spinal anesthesia.
  • Clarifying the distinction between extradural and spinal anesthesia in early practices.
  • Highlighting August Bier's definitive contribution to spinal anesthesia.

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